Springboot吞吐量优化解决方案（springboot接口响应慢）

一、异步执行

实现方式二种：

1.使用异步注解@aysnc、启动类：添加@EnableAsync注解

2.JDK 8本身有一个非常好用的Future类——CompletableFuture

@AllArgsConstructor
public class AskThread implements Runnable{
private CompletableFuture<Integer> re = null;

public void run() {
int myRe = 0;
try {
myRe = re.get() * re.get();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(myRe);
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
final CompletableFuture<Integer> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
new Thread(new AskThread(future)).start();
//模拟长时间的计算过程
Thread.sleep(1000);
//告知完成结果
future.complete(60);
}
}

在该示例中，启动一个线程，此时AskThread对象还没有拿到它需要的数据，执行到 myRe = re.get() * re.get()会阻塞。我们用休眠1秒来模拟一个长时间的计算过程，并将计算结果告诉future执行结果，AskThread线程将会继续执行。

public class Calc {
public static Integer calc(Integer para) {
try {
//模拟一个长时间的执行
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return para * para;
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
final CompletableFuture<Void> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> calc(50))
.thenApply((i) -> Integer.toString(i))
.thenApply((str) -> "\"" + str + "\"")
.thenAccept(System.out::println);
future.get();
}
}

CompletableFuture.supplyAsync方法构造一个CompletableFuture实例，在supplyAsync()方法中，它会在一个新线程中，执行传入的参数。在这里它会执行calc()方法，这个方法可能是比较慢的，但这并不影响CompletableFuture实例的构造速度，supplyAsync()会立即返回。而返回的CompletableFuture实例就可以作为这次调用的契约，在将来任何场合，用于获得最终的计算结果。supplyAsync用于提供返回值的情况，CompletableFuture还有一个不需要返回值的异步调用方法runAsync(Runnable runnable),一般我们在优化Controller时，使用这个方法比较多。这两个方法如果在不指定线程池的情况下，都是在ForkJoinPool.common线程池中执行，而这个线程池中的所有线程都是Daemon（守护）线程，所以，当主线程结束时，这些线程无论执行完毕都会退出系统。

核心代码：

CompletableFuture.runAsync(() ->
this.afterBetProcessor(betRequest,betDetailResult,appUser,id)
);

异步调用使用Callable来实现

@RestController
public class HelloController {

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);

@Autowired
private HelloService hello;

@GetMapping("/helloworld")
public String helloWorldController() {
return hello.sayHello();
}

/**
* 异步调用restful
* 当controller返回值是Callable的时候，springmvc就会启动一个线程将Callable交给TaskExecutor去处理
* 然后DispatcherServlet还有所有的spring拦截器都退出主线程，然后把response保持打开的状态
* 当Callable执行结束之后，springmvc就会重新启动分配一个request请求，然后DispatcherServlet就重新
* 调用和处理Callable异步执行的返回结果， 然后返回视图
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/hello")
public Callable<String> helloController() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法");
Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() {

@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法");
String say = hello.sayHello();
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回");
return say;
}
};
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回");
return callable;
}
}

异步调用的方式 WebAsyncTask

@RestController
public class HelloController {

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);

@Autowired
private HelloService hello;

/**
* 带超时时间的异步请求 通过WebAsyncTask自定义客户端超时间
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/world")
public WebAsyncTask<String> worldController() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法");

// 3s钟没返回，则认为超时
WebAsyncTask<String> webAsyncTask = new WebAsyncTask<>(3000, new Callable<String>() {

@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法");
String say = hello.sayHello();
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回");
return say;
}
});
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回");

webAsyncTask.onCompletion(new Runnable() {

@Override
public void run() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕");
}
});

webAsyncTask.onTimeout(new Callable<String>() {

@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout");
// 超时的时候，直接抛异常，让外层统一处理超时异常
throw new TimeoutException("调用超时");
}
});
return webAsyncTask;
}

/**
* 异步调用，异常处理，详细的处理流程见MyExceptionHandler类
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/exception")
public WebAsyncTask<String> exceptionController() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法");
Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() {

@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法");
throw new TimeoutException("调用超时!");
}
};
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回");
return new WebAsyncTask<>(20000, callable);
}

}

二、增加内嵌Tomcat的最大连接数

@Configuration
public class TomcatConfig {
@Bean
public ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory webServerFactory() {
TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcatFactory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory();
tomcatFactory.addConnectorCustomizers(new MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer());
tomcatFactory.setPort(8005);
tomcatFactory.setContextPath("/api-g");
return tomcatFactory;
}
class MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer implements TomcatConnectorCustomizer {
public void customize(Connector connector) {
Http11NioProtocol protocol = (Http11NioProtocol) connector.getProtocolHandler();
//设置最大连接数
protocol.setMaxConnections(20000);
//设置最大线程数
protocol.setMaxThreads(2000);
protocol.setConnectionTimeout(30000);
}
}

}

三、使用@ComponentScan()定位扫包比@SpringBootApplication扫包更快

四、默认tomcat容器改为Undertow（Jboss下的服务器，Tomcat吞吐量5000，Undertow吞吐量8000）

<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>

改为:

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
</dependency>

五、使用 BufferedWriter 进行缓冲

六、Deferred方式实现异步调用

@RestController
public class AsyncDeferredController {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
private final LongTimeTask taskService;

@Autowired
public AsyncDeferredController(LongTimeTask taskService) {
this.taskService = taskService;
}

@GetMapping("/deferred")
public DeferredResult<String> executeSlowTask() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入executeSlowTask方法");
DeferredResult<String> deferredResult = new DeferredResult<>();
// 调用长时间执行任务
taskService.execute(deferredResult);
// 当长时间任务中使用deferred.setResult("world");这个方法时，会从长时间任务中返回，继续controller里面的流程
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "从executeSlowTask方法返回");
// 超时的回调方法
deferredResult.onTimeout(new Runnable(){

@Override
public void run() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout");
// 返回超时信息
deferredResult.setErrorResult("time out!");
}
});

// 处理完成的回调方法，无论是超时还是处理成功，都会进入这个回调方法
deferredResult.onCompletion(new Runnable(){

@Override
public void run() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onCompletion");
}
});

return deferredResult;
}
}

七、异步调用可以使用AsyncHandlerInterceptor进行拦截

@Component
public class MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor implements AsyncHandlerInterceptor {

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor.class);

@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception {
return true;
}

@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
// HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "服务调用完成，返回结果给客户端");
}

@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
if(null != ex){
System.out.println("发生异常:"+ex.getMessage());
}
}

@Override
public void afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception {

// 拦截之后，重新写回数据，将原来的hello world换成如下字符串
String resp = "my name is chhliu!";
response.setContentLength(resp.length());
response.getOutputStream().write(resp.getBytes());

logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入afterConcurrentHandlingStarted方法");
}

}

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原文链接：

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32447301/article/details/88046026